Lactose intolerance happens when the body does not produce enough lactase, the enzyme needed to break down lactose. Lactose is the natural sugar found in milk and dairy products.
When someone with lactose intolerance eats dairy, the lactose is not fully digested in the small intestine. Instead, it moves into the colon, where it ferments and causes uncomfortable symptoms. This can include bloating, gas, stomach cramps, diarrhea, and sometimes nausea.
It is important to understand that lactose intolerance is not a milk allergy. It does not involve the immune system, and it is not life threatening. While symptoms can feel miserable, it does not cause anaphylaxis.
Many people with lactose intolerance can tolerate small amounts of dairy, especially when eaten with other foods. Some do well with lactose free milk, hard cheeses, or yogurt, which naturally contain lower levels of lactose. Lactase enzyme supplements are also an option for some families.
If dairy consistently causes digestive issues, it is worth talking with your doctor to confirm what is going on. Getting clarity can help you adjust your diet without unnecessary restriction or fear.
